Dunn, J. (2026). “Association Measures.” In International Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 3rd edition. Elsevier. 7pg. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-95504-1.01533-7
Abstract. Association measures are quantitative representations of the attraction or co-occurrence probability of two elements (henceforth, words). A high association means that two words occur together more often than we would expect by chance alone. This would imply, in turn, that there is some deeper linguistic relationship between these two words. A low association, on the other hand, would imply that two words are less likely to occur together than we would expect by chance, that they repel one another. This would imply instead that some linguistic relationship prevents those words from co-occurring.Thus, both high and low association values can tell us something about linguistic relationships.
Supplementary Material: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/98XJ7
Jonathan Dunn 